BUFFALO BREEDING IN THE BAIXO AMAZONAS REGION, STATE OF PARA: STATE OF THE ART AND STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE INDEX
Buffalo, Lower Amazon, Small Farming, technology
The Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is considered an important livestock resource in various regions of the world, and its breeding is viable in diverse environments, particularly due to the observation that these animals exhibit ruggedness and interesting productivity. Buffalo husbandry has been a steadily growing activity in various sectors of livestock in recent years, with notable production from breeds such as Murrah, Mediterranean, and Jafarabadi. The global buffalo population exceeds 200 million animals, primarily distributed across the continents of Asia and South America. In Brazil, the introduction of buffalo occurred in the late 19th century, mainly from Italy and Asia. Even though this species possesses unique adaptability, it is worthwhile to analyse more information regarding productive and reproductive indicators, which have not yet been fully elucidated or explored, considering numerous factors that can influence the performance of these animals and impact productivity and reproduction. Furthermore, to enhance performance, added value, and acceptance of buffalo and their derivative products, strategies such as applying reproductive biotechnology, quality certifications, traceability systems, and diversification of derivative products are essential. Additionally, robust marketing efforts and food awareness campaigns are necessary to promote consumption and ensure the economic sustainability of the activity. Equally important is the need to invest in technical training for producers and modern technologies to increase productivity and quality of products from this husbandry. Thus, the aim of research is evaluating the profile of buffalo farms in the Lower Amazon region, as well as the reproductive and productive management of one of the farms in the same region, in the Para state.