Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria on the Performance and Quality of Silage of the Corn and Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu Consortium in the Eastern Amazon
Growth-promoting bacteria, Eastern Amazon, sustainable management.
Cattle farming in the Amazon is growing but faces pasture degradation. The corn-Urochloa consortium improves soil and protects against erosion, while Azospirillum brasilense reduces the need for chemical fertilizers, promoting sustainability and productivity. The objective of the study was to evaluate the inoculation of corn seeds with Azospirillum brasilense in consortium with Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu on the productivity and nutritional quality of silage in the Eastern Amazon. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia from February to June 2024, using a randomized block design with four blocks and eight treatments as follows: corn without inoculation; Marandu without inoculation; inoculated corn; inoculated Marandu; corn + Marandu without inoculation; inoculated corn + Marandu; corn + inoculated Marandu; inoculated corn + inoculated Marandu. The results showed that treatments with Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and consortium cultivation influenced production and quality. In dry matter production, Marandu treatments with inoculated corn + inoculated Marandu had the highest values (25.11) and were statistically superior to the others, which varied between 19.45 and 19.14 (p<0.05). Regarding the nutritional composition of corn, the corn + inoculated Marandu treatment presented higher dry matter content (56.45%) and higher crude protein content (5.83%), indicating improved forage quality, especially in protein, due to the action of Azospirillum brasilense in nitrogen fixation. For fiber components, the corn + inoculated Marandu consortium showed higher average mineral material (MM) and lower acid detergent fiber (ADF), suggesting better digestibility and nutritional value. Additionally, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) variable was higher in the inoculated corn treatment, which may indicate higher neutral fiber content, although there were no significant statistical differences between some treatments.