Morphological description of aortic arch, abdominal arteries and rete mirabile in Choloepus didactylus
Sloth, dissecation, blood vessels
The Xenarthras are considered the most varied order of mammals as they group animals of very different
morphologies, behaviors and habitats. In this superorder are the anteaters, armadillos and sloths divided into 4
families, 13 genera and 29 species. Choloepus didactylus, also known as Preguiça-real or Unau is the largest
species of the family Megalonychidae, and one of its main characteristic is the presentation of two fingers on
the forelimbs. The rete mirabile is formed by a network of arteries and veins in which, in the limbs, it has the
function of a countercurrent heat exchange system and maintains the temperature in the limbs at a lower level
than in the rest of the body. Seven specimens of Choloepus didactylus were used, 5 adults and 2 pups, from
the Rodrigues Alves Forest Zoobotanical Garden of the Amazon located in Belém / PA. In 4 specimens,
dissections of the common carotid artery were performed for injection of red stained Neoprene latex for
arterial visualization and dissection of the jugular vein, in 1 specimen, for injection of blue stained Neoprene
latex in order to allow venous visualization. In one of the specimens, the skin of the thoracic limbs was folded
and the musculature dissected until exposure of the Rete mirabile, where its fragments were used for making
and analyzing histological slides at the Animal Histology and Embryology Laboratory (LHEA) of the Universidade
Rural Rural da Amazônia .