Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: VICTOR PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : VICTOR PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA
DATE: 28/06/2021
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala virtual no google meet
TITLE:

ACTIVE RESTORATION: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF KAOLIN AND GRAVEL POST-MINING ECOSYSTEMS IN THE EASTERN AMAZON

KEY WORDS:

Ecological indicators, Soil quality, Limestone, Pit volume, Residue of cellulose production, coconut fiber, kaolin.

PAGES: 81
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal
SUMMARY:

Mining contributes substantially to the economy at different scales and plays a key role in the development of various sectors in goods and services. On the other hand, the negative impacts caused by this activity are inevitable, as it intensely modifies the landscape, degrades the soil structure and reduces environmental services. The use of native species in forest restoration has been increasingly recognized as an efficient way to restore the function and structure of post-mining ecosystems. The objective of this dissertation was to contribute to the practical and theoretical bases of forest restoration in degraded areas in the Amazon. In the first chapter, a study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the soil quality indicators and the survival and initial growth of six tree species in post-kaolin mining areas. The study evaluated the effects of lime and three different pit volumes on the chemical properties of the soil and on the overall performance of the seedlings at 12 months of planting. Our results show that the soil is highly degraded, however, the application of limestone reduced the toxic Al³⁺ in the soil. In a PCA, the first two components explained 69.58% of the variance in the 14 variables related to soil properties. PC1 correlated positively with Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, SB, CTC and V%, while H+Al and m% showed negative correlations. There was a direct influence between the application of lime and pit volume in the studied species growth. On the other hand, thre was not a well-defined trend for growth. However, we highlight the excellent growth rates for the species I. edulis, I. cayennensis, C. fairchildiana and T. vulgaris. The survival rate of the study species varied from 13% to 100%, with C. fairchildiana showing the highest percentages of survival, more than 75% in all treatments. In the second chapter, we conducted a restoration study with the objective of evaluating the survival and initial growth of four leguminous species in area degraded by gravel mining in the industrial area of Jari Celulose. The study evaluated the effects of two types of soil coverage, residues of cellulose production (branches bark and leaves of Eucalyptus spp.) and coconut fiber mesh and two pit volumes with no soil coverage on the overall performance of the seedlings at 15 months of planting. Our results showed excellent growth rates of the four species evaluated, ranging from 13 to 20 cm month^-1. The periodic annual increment (PAI) in DBH of cellulose residue promoted significant increase of C. fairchildiana, but it did not differ from the other species. In addition, survival rates were ≥ 80% in C. fairchildiana, I. edulis and I. thibaidiana. The species used are recommended for areas degraded by gravel mining as they easily promote ecosystem complexity. Additionally, the results of this dissertation contribute to the science of forest restoration and suggest adapted species to recompose degrades areas by mining in the Amazon, especially due to the characteristics of rapid growth and restoration of services.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Interno - 745.945.679-91 - ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL - EMBRAPA
Interna - 2366025 - GRACIALDA COSTA FERREIRA
Presidente - 741.673.590-49 - GUSTAVO SCHWARTZ - EMBRAPA
Externo à Instituição - WALMER BRUNO ROCHA MARTINS - UEPA