STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION IN URBAN ECOSYSTEMS IN THE EASTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA
Squares, phytosociology, tree cover, floristic composition, dendrometric parameters.
The Amazon region is characterized by its forested areas, however, its metropolises have urban areas with a low rate of vegetation. As the vegetation cover is one of the main components in urban ecosystems, due to its importance for the conservation of natural resources and ecosystem services, which serve as a subsidy for the well-being of the population, such as environmental and ecological services, as well as economic and subsistence services. , and even health, such as the reduction of cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems. Therefore, it is important to monitor these areas to ensure their services. The objective of this work is to evaluate the afforestation of squares located in the municipality of Belém do Pará. A total of 15 squares were analyzed, through a forest census, with a qualitative and quantitative survey, observing individual characteristics of each individual, with information from phytosociological, dendrometric, diversity, phytosanitary and tree cover parameters. 754 individuals were registered, distributed in 44 species and 17 families, of these individuals, only 8 were not identified. The families with the highest occurrence were: Bignoniaceae (13), Fabaceae (9), Anacardiaceae (8), Malvaceae (6) and Meliaceae (6). Mangifera indica L. was the species that presented the highest IVI% (29.17%). About 52.27% of the species were considered exotic from the Amazon, being considered unsuitable for introduction in the city of Belém. The squares had a Shannon index (H') of 2.04 and an evenness index (J') of 0.54, such values may be related to the dominance of the M. indica species.