PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND WATER STORAGE IN THE LITTER OF SUCCESSIONAL ECOSYSTEMS OF NATURAL FORESTS IN THE MIDDLE MOJU-PA RIVER REGION, EASTERN AMAZONIA
Forest regeneration, nutrient cycling, carbon storage, Eastern Amazon, forest management.
Litter plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling and the functioning of tropical forests. Knowledge about litter production rates is an important tool in the process of assessing the fragility and disturbance of forest ecosystems, especially when there is increasing human intervention in these natural environments. Based on this context, this study aims to evaluate the physical properties of litter in successional forest ecosystems of different ages in the middle Moju River region, Eastern Amazon. The main objective is to understand how the stages of natural regeneration influence the dynamics of physical properties, water and carbon storage in forest ecosystems. For this, a completely randomized experimental design will be used, with 4 treatments (stages of natural forest regeneration): 10, 20, 30 and 40 years. Where the following variables will be analyzed: average thickness, wet mass, dry mass, average depositional phytomass storage, global density, water storage capacity and estimated carbon stock). The results obtained revealed significant variations in the physical properties of the litter throughout the successional stages, with emphasis on the progressive increase in thickness, dry mass, density, water retention capacity and carbon stock in areas with longer regeneration times (30 and 40 years). Multivariate analysis by PCA demonstrated that these variables are grouped in a coordinated manner, allowing a clear distinction between the different successional stages. These findings reinforce the ecological relevance of capoeiras as functional units of organic matter accumulation and water storage, evidencing their essential role in the resilience of the Amazonian landscape. Such information provides technical support for the adaptive management of regenerating forests and contributes to conservation, ecological restoration and mitigation strategies for the effects of climate change in Eastern Amazonia.