FLORISTIC STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY OF AMAZONIAN SAVANNAS ARE INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT
cerrado; vegetation dynamics; floristics; Amazonian savannas.
The Cerrado biome, consisting of a heterogeneous mosaic of plant physiognomies, occupies approximately 23% of the Brazilian territory. Its vegetation encompasses a wide variety of physiognomies, with characteristics ranging from grassland to forest. The present study, mostly carried out on permanent plots, was grouped according to site characteristics into five groups: a) G1 plots 04, 07, 08 and 15; b) G2 plots 05, 09, 18 and 19; c) G3 plots 03, 16 and 20; d) G4 plots 01, 02, 11, 12 and 13; e) G5 plots 06, 10, 14 and 17 and aims to evaluate the structure and floristic diversity of the tree-shrub vegetation in the Amapá savannas, seeking to raise answers to the following hypothesis: Can the structural composition as well as floristic diversity be used as ecological indicators of types of use or regeneration states of the tree-shrub vegetation in the Amapá savannas? As preliminary results, especially in group G1, the species Ouratea racemiformis, Curatella americana and Byrsonima crassifolia showed significant association with the floristic gradients revealed by NMDS in the dissimilarity of the floristic-structural pattern. On the other hand, group G4 stood out for being isolated in the ordination space, possibly related to more structured or conserved vegetation, while groups G2, G3 and G5 showed overlap and dispersion indicating floristic transition or similarity among themselves. The rarefaction analysis (Hill, q = 0) revealed differences in species richness between groups, in which G1 presented the highest observed richness (21 species), G3 and G4 intermediate richness (17 and 14 species), G2 and G5 presented the lowest observed richness (11 species). Overall, the result of this study aims to contribute with information on the structural composition and floristic diversity of the arboreal-shrub vegetation in the savannas areas of Amapá.