POTASSIUM SUPPLY AS A MODULATOR OF THE WATER DEFICIT TO AMAZONIAN FOREST TREE SPECIES
Climate change. Physiological parameters. Ecophysiology. Forest nutrition.
Increased tree mortality due to extreme drought events in the Amazon has caused significant forest degradation and reduced carbon stock. The ability of plants to resist water stress is mainly linked to hydraulic functional traits such as the water safety margin. However, some studies have suggested that nutrients present in the soil may play a role in modulating plant responses to water stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological and anatomical responses of seedlings of native Amazonian tree species (jatobá and fava-orelha) subjected to potassium (K) fertilization and water restriction. The design used was a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial, with two species, two water conditions (with and without water deficit), and four doses of K (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/dm 3), totaling 16 treatments with 12 replicates (192 plants). Every 15 days, the following parameters were assessed: height, collar diameter, and number of leaves. The average plant height at 6 months (August 2023) was 40.5 cm for fava-orelha and 70.9 cm for jatobá, and water use was 366 ml/24h for fava-orelha and 726 ml/24h for jatobá. A water deficit of 50 % was initiated at the end of August, 2023. Preliminary results showed greater height, diameter, and number of leaves for the two species and for treatments with K supply than for the control treatment with zero K. At the end of the experiment, the physiological variables, biomass, and K content of the leaves will also be assessed. The results of this study will provide a deeper understanding of how the availability of K in the soil can influence drought resistance in native Amazonian tree species.