"Soil, environmental changes, functional traits, multiple land use, environmental impacts, specific leaf area, turgor loss point"
Soil, environmental changes, functional traits, multiple land use, environmental impacts, specific leaf area, turgor loss point.
Tropical forests represent the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world and are threatened by several human activities, such as deforestation, burning, mining activities and others that change the landscape. Changes in the environmental variables can alter the functional traits of plants. In this study we tested whether the soil nutrients availability and changes in the landscape influence leaf functional traits in three species of plants in the juvenile stage in riparian forests subject to anthropic actions. We also evaluated whether species from different functional groups respond differently to possible changes in the environment. The study was carried out in 13 areas in the municipality of Barcarena, Pará, Brazil, with the species Bactris hirta - palm, Calathea altissima - herb, and Tetracera sp. - liana. We collected three individuals in each area and measured the leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, osmotic potential, turgor loss point and modulus of elasticity. The chemical and physical soil variables were measured for each site. The studied fragments showed homogeneity in the chemical and physical soil variables and in the landscape. The functional traits responded to the edaphic factors and the changes in the landscape. The species showed a similar variation for leaf morphological traits. However, for the traits from pressure-volume curves (integrative of leaf functioning), the herbaceous species and the palm showed greater intraspecific variation when compared to liana, which may be an indicative of greater capacity to respond to environmental changes. This study contributes to the knowledge about the functional traits of plants and how they relate to the environment.