"Cyperaceae Juss. in the Serra dos Martírios-Andorinhas, Pará, Brazil."
Amazon, Cerrado, Cyperoideae, Amazonian Savannas, Taxonomy.
The Martírios-Andorinhas mountain range is located in the southeast of Pará state, inserted in the São Geraldo do Araguaia municipality, in the Martírios-Andorinhas State Park (PESAM), and, São Geraldo do Araguaia Environmental Protection Area (APA Araguaia). This region has the highest rates of deforestation in the Amazon, is known as the “Arch of Deforestation”. Despite being predominantly covered by Amazonian Savannah, the Serra is part of the Amazon phytogeographic domain. One of the outstanding characteristics of the Amazonian Savannas is the predominance of herbaceous species, with recognized endemisms and restricted distribution, as in Cyperaceae. The recent intensification of taxonomic studies focused on Cyperaceae in the Amazon has demonstrated the importance of this family in the knowledge of the floristic composition of the different and unique phytophysiognomies of this Biome. This taxonomic study is focusing on the genera and species of Cyperaceae occurring in the Martírios-Andorinhas mountain range. Samples from three collection expeditions and the herbaria collections (CEN, FUEL, HBRA, HUTO, IAN, MBM, MFS, MG, and RB) were analyzed. The taxa were determined concerning specialized literature, type specimens, and the protologue. Were found 72 species belonging to 11 genera: Cyperus L. (19 species), Rhynchospora Vahl (17), Bulbostylis Kunth (8), Scleria P.J.Bergius (8), Eleocharis R. Br. (7), Fimbristylis Vahl (5), Calyptrocarya Nees (3), Lagenocarpus Nees (2), Exochogyne (1), Fuirena Rottb. (1), Hypolytrum Rich. (1), of these, seven species were registered for the first time in the Pará state. Identification keys, as well as diagnostic characters, illustrations of species, geographical distribution and, preferred habitats of the Cyperaceae species and genera occurring in PESAM and APA Araguaia are provided, contributing to the flora knowledge of these important conservation units, and the Pará state and Brazilian flora.