STUDY OF Polyporus P. Micheli ex Adans (sensu lato) IN THE EASTERN AMAZON: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH BETWEEN MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Agaricomycetes, macros and micronutrients, multigenes, Polyporaceae, taxonomy.
Polyporus is the type genus of Polyporaceae and has been divided into six main morphological groups. Most representatives are saprobic, but they can be parasitic or symbiotic. They are appreciated in traditional cuisine or used in biotechnological processes. Molecular studies have revealed the artificiality of morphological classification and resulted in taxonomic repositioning and the proposal of new genera. In Brazil, the diversity of Polyporus s. l. is approximately 72 species, with greater emphasis on the Atlantic Forest and Amazon biomes. Despite the Amazon's vast biodiversity, knowledge about the genus in the region is limited, with only 21 known species, and most of them based only on morphological data. This project aims to study the genus Polyporus s. l. based on morphological, molecular and chemical data. The specimens studied will come from collections made in five main areas of the Eastern Amazon (Amapá National Forest, Saracá-Taquera National Forest, Mocajuba, Camillo Vianna Utinga State Park and Tomé-Açu). Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the specimens will be carried out, as well as phylogenetic analysis using the following markers: ITS, LSU, TEF1-α and RPB1. Verification of macronutrients (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P), micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) and nonessential elements (Al, Sr, Ni, Cd, Ba and Pb) will be obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. To date, 115 specimens have been collected, from which genetic material has been extracted from 48 specimens, and four regions of DNA from each specimen have been amplified and are awaiting sequencing. In this way, this study will contribute to taxonomic knowledge and an understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of Polyporus s. l. in the Eastern Amazon; and the investigation of the chemical composition of the species studied will provide subsidies for the food and biotechnology industries.