Neotropics, Sapindaceae, botany, floristics, systematics

This work consists of a taxonomic review of Matayba Aubl. and from their bottles M. sect. Apiomatayba, M. sect. Macaca and M. sect. Ratonia. The study was based on the analysis of national herbarium collections, as well as photos of exsiccates available online from international herbaria. In addition, botanical material was collected, which was herbalized and incorporated into the MG herbarium collection. Species identification is carried out based on consultation of protologs, types and/or photographs of types of binomials related to the genus. This taxonomic review includes security, reevaluation and nomenclatural typification, taxon delimitation, identification key, illustrations, information on phenology, updated maps of geographic distribution, conservation status and habitats. During the study, 15 lectotypings and one neotyping were carried out, consolidating the nomenclature of the species studied. The main morphological characters used in the identification and circumscription of Matayba capsules were leaflets (apex shape, type of margin and type of venation), presence or absence of stipules, types of inflorescence, bracts (shape and indument) sepals (shape and indument), spectacular (shape and indument), nectar disc (indument) and fruits (shape, indument and length of the stipe).