Conidial fungi associated with submerged plant substrates in the Utinga Camillo Vianna State Park, Pará, Brazil
Ascomycota, freshwater, hyphomycetes, microfungi, taxonomy
Conidial fungi are important components of freshwater aquatic environments, participating as decomposers of the organic matter taken to these environments and contributing to make various plant substrates more palatable for organisms at other trophic levels. Despite the numerous aquatic environments available in the Amazon biome, there is still limited data on the diversity of conidial fungi and their ecological groups in these environments. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out a taxonomic study of conidial fungi (Ascomycota) associated with submerged decomposing plant substrates in water bodies of the Utinga Camillo Vianna State Park, Belém, Pará. Four monthly collections were carried out in PEUt water bodies between June and September/2022. Samples of submerged decaying leaves and twigs were collected and, in the laboratory, submitted to the technique of washing in running water and, subsequently, incubated in a humid chamber for up to 45 days. The fungal reproductive structures were visualized with a stereomicroscope and mounted on semi-permanent slides for microscopic analysis and identification. In the PEUt, 144 species of conidial fungi were reported, distributed in 105 genera, belonging mainly to Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes. Most fungi were recorded on leaves and the predominant ecological group was aquatic-facultative conidial fungi. Several new records were found for PEUt, Pará (Gangliostilbe costaricensis), Amazon biome (Codinaea gonytrichoides, Lauriomyces acerosus, Satchmopsis brasiliensis, Spirosphaera carici-graminis, Xylomyces foliicola), Brazil (Spinulospora pucciniiphila) and American continent (Bahusustrabeeja angularis and Dictyosporium aquaticum ). In addition to the description of a new genus of asexual ascomycetes. This study expands the geographic distribution of several species of conidial fungi and shows that PEUt has a high richness of conidial fungi in its water bodies, indicating that the Amazonian aquatic environments need to be further explored.