Ecology of epiphyte and hemi-epiphyte in the types of vegetations in the State Park of Utinga and APA Belém in the metropolitan region of Belém in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
Amazonian, Belém, Protect Áreas; Floristic iventory
Botanical studies on the flora of the metropolitan region of Belém are still scarce and isolated. Even more so for biological groups usually neglected in floristic inventories, such as epiphytic or hemi-epiphytic life forms. In order to cover this knowledge gap, the “Utinga Flora” was created in 2018, whose main objective is to record the species of plants and fungi of the types of habitats and vegetation of the Utinga Stadual Park and APA de Belém. The objective of this work is to quantify the epiphytic and hemi-epiphytic flora in the different types of vegetation in both areas. Sixty-five epiphytic and hemi-epiphytic species were identified, distributed in six families, Araceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Clusiaceae, Cyclhantaceae and Orchidaceae. Of these, the richest in species are Orchidaceae, Araceae and Bromeliaceae with 30, 21 and 9 species. In campinaranas there were eight species, two of the genus Vanilla (Orchidaceae), the first records for Belém. Upland forests and flooded forests have the highest abundance of individuals and species richness of epiphytes and hemi-epiphytes. Species composition differs between vegetation types.