DIVERSITY, PHYLOGENY AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AGARICOMYCETES SPECIES IN NATIVE COCOA PLANTS OF VÁRZEA ISLANDS IN MOCAJUBA, PARÁ
Amazon, bioaccumulation, Várzea Island, Lentinus, macrofungi, heavy metals.
Amazon has a wide diversity of species. Including macrofungi of the Agaricomycetes class, decomposers, parasites and ectomycorrhizal organisms that present economic, nutritional, pharmacological and ecological values, contributing to the balance of the ecosystem. Forests of floodplain islands in the Amazon are characterized by being periodically flooded, with dense alluvial rainforest vegetation, presenting plantations. In the city of Mocajuba the predominance is native cocoa, which has economic importance due to the importation of its almonds and the manufacture of chocolate. In this city, there are no taxonomic and chemical studies with Agaricomycetes fungi regarding bioaccumulation and bioremedication, which is an effective way of removing numerous pollutants, reducing or eliminating environmental contamination. Mycoremediation is a process in which fungal activities degrade contaminants into less toxic or non-toxic form, one of the fungi with this characteristic is the genus Lentinus. Thus, the objective of this project is to know the diversity of poroid Agaricomycetes in the forests of the floodplain islands in Mocajuba and to analyze Lentinus species using morphological and molecular data, as well as to evaluate the bioaccumulation of substrate metals for species. So far, two excursions have been carried out and 87 specimens have been collected, of which 38 have been classified into six families. The most predominant family was Polyporaceae and Tauré Island had the highest number of specimens. These results are preliminary, even so, through the survey of species and ecological, chemical and molecular analyses, these studies will contribute to expanding knowledge of fungi in the Amazon, given the high economic and ecological potential of the species.