Management and ecology of sociobiodiversity products in conservation units in the eastern Brazilian Amazon: Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. e Copaifera spp. L
extractivism; non-timber forest products; chestnut tree; copaiba
Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. (Castanheira) and Copaifera spp. L. (Copaíba) are among the tropical trees that provide a wide range of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Despite the considerable economic importance, the long-term success of an extractive product also depends on the ecological resilience of the target species in the face of changes that affect their habitat. Protected natural areas, which in Brazil we call conservation units of the sustainable use, shelter a significant portion of plant communities, presenting themselves as potential areas for studies regarding the ecology, management and conservation of forest species. This is because, despite efforts to protect biodiversity, the management of these areas takes place in dynamic environments, subject to intense and extensive transformations of the landscape. This problem is particularly relevant in conservation units where human presence is allowed and the pressure on forest resources is increasing. With that in mind, this research project aims to analyze parameters of the population structure of Brazil nut and copaiba trees in different regions of conservation units of the sustainable use in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. For this, we will use a forest inventory database covering 7,314 Brazil nut trees and 1,396 copaiba trees with a minimum inclusion diameter of 10 cm and 30 cm. The inventoried trees are distributed in sampling units allocated in regions of five conservation units in the state of Pará, within the eastern Brazilian Amazon. The sampling units total an area of 11,589.00 ha of native forest, involving the following conservation units: Altamira National Forest, Saracá-Taquera National Forest, Ipaú-Anilzinho Extractive Reserve, Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve and Verde para Sempre Extractive Reserve, subordinated to the public administration of the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. The detailed knowledge about the patterns of occurrence and maintenance of the species will provide extremely necessary subsidies to devise effective management strategies in order to contribute to a successful economic-ecological management in the long term.