Bryophytes from Parque Nacional da Serra do Pardo, Terra do Meio, Pará, Brasil
Mosses, liverworts, Conservation units, bryoflora, Amazon
The Serra do Pardo National Park conservation unit, one of the areas that make up the Terra do Meio mosaic, in the state of Pará, is located in a region that can be considered a center of endemism. Despite the great potential and importance for the study of biodiversity, the PARNA da Serra do Pardo is located in an area of difficult access and is among the least studied in Pará and in the eastern Amazon. The objective of this work was to investigate the richness and composition of bryophytes in the Serra do Pardo National Park, Pará, Brazil, evaluating ecological aspects, geographic distribution and reproduction, as well as analyzing the composition found in relation to the flora of bryophytes reported for the state of Pará. The analyzed specimens were collected between April and May 2012 during an excursion to PARNA. The collection area comprised 18 plots of 10 x 10 m, in which 25 samples were collected in each plot, totaling 450 samples. The collected specimens were identified in the Bryology Laboratory of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. The specimens' colonization substrates were observed and recorded, as well as the presence/absence of reproductive structures. Species were also classified according to guilds of sunlight tolerance, sexual expression and worldwide distribution. A total of 1,422 specimens were identified, resulting in 108 species of liverworts (70 spp.) and mosses (38 spp.). Of the total, six species are new records for the state of Pará, four for the North region and one for Brazil. There was a predominance of generalist, monoecious and Neotropical species. The similarity analysis showed a floristic composition for PARNA more similar to other preserved areas in the state of Pará. The species composition identified for the Serra do Pardo PARNA revealed important records of species with a rare distribution, and demonstrated a particular bryophyte composition for the area in relation to other studies carried out in the state, expanding the studies of bryophytes in the southeastern region of the state. and in an area little explored scientifically.