Investigating the influence of edge effects on morphoanatomical traits and on herbivory of ferns in a remnant of the Amazon forest
ferns, anatomy, herbivory, ecological interactions
Current knowledge about the interactions between herbivores and ferns, although growing, is still limited. Therefore, we aim to obtain insights into the influence of forest edges on the variation of functional traits and on herbivory. Studying a set of morphoanatomical and histochemical attributes, relating them to herbivory rates in ferns that occur both at the edge and in the forest core, controlling the species factor and evaluating the plasticity of these attributes and their dependence on environmental quality. The study area comprises the State of Pará, in the Utinga State Park, which is located in the city of Belém. Two species of fern that occur in both environments will be sampled on the edge and forest core, comprising at least 10 individuals in each environment for each species. The plants sampled will be marked with plastic labels numbered and monitored every six months for one year. The functional attributes to be analyzed were previously selected from the prediction of influence on plant selection by herbivores, next: specific leaf area (SLA), abaxial and adaxial trichome density, leaf lifetime, cuticle thickness, abaxial and adaxial epidermis thickness, palisade and spongy parenchyma thickness, fibers, crystals, silica bodies and tannins, concentration of phenolic compounds, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Scientific contributions will be to understand the impacts of forest edges in the expression of functional attributes and herbivory. Therefore, analyzing how plants that persist at the forest edge are affected by biotic interactions is of fundamental importance to predict effects on biodiversity, based on the current and future environmental scenario, with intense forest loss and increased forest cover under edge effects.