PROSPECTING FRUIT FLY AND THEIR PARASITOIDS IN THE EASTERN AMAZON
Anastrepha, Braconidae, Biodiversity, Insect-pest
Fruit cultivation is among the main agricultural activities developed in the state of Pará, generating income and employment in practically all of its municipalities. However, this activity is constantly threatened by several phytosanitary problems, with insects belonging to the family Tephritidae (Insecta: Diptera) among the main fruit pests. The economic importance of this family occurs due to the fact that the simple presence of some species can limit the quality of the fruit for local sale and export. However, despite the economic importance of these tefritides, information on the bioecology of these insects in the Amazon region and especially in the state of Pará are still scarce. In this way, our objective is to perform faunal analyzes, besides to verify the influence of the environmental matrix on the biodiversity of the fruit flies and their parasitoids in the state of Pará. To study the tefritídeos were realized passive collected with the aid of traps McPhail model as attractive corn protein hydrolyzate. The traps were distributed in orchards located in areas with different levels of anthropization. On the other hand, the study of fruit fly parasitoids was carried out using Teperebá (Spondias mombin) fruits collected in different habitats. The fruits collected, packed in an appropriate container and environment to obtain the pupae of fruit flies and later of their parasitoids. As regards the fruit flies richness and its parasitoids, ten species of tefritídeos and four species of parasitoids were found, where we highlight the Anastrepha zacharyi Norrbom, 2015; Anastrepha leptozona Hendel, 1914 and Anastrepha coronilli Carrejo and Gonzáles, 1993 as the first report in the state of Pará, Brazil. As well as the parasitoid Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck, 1958) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for also presenting the first record in the region.